invalid data 0 = 1 * 0 + 0 1 = 1 * 1 + 0 invalid data 0 = 2 * 0 + 0 1 = 2 * 0 + 1 2 = 1 * 2 + 0 2 = 2 * 1 + 0 3 = 2 * 1 + 1 2 = 3 * 0 + 2